| Popis: |
Introduction: Type 2 diabetes is one of the most common causes of death. Early, timely identification and treatment can reduce the risk of developing related chronic diseases and prevent death. Like other chronic diseases, type 2 diabetes also require lifelong treatment and lifestyle changes with focus on dietary management. Encouraging healthier lifestyle can positively effect all negative metabolic changes. Objective: The objective was to investigate effects of the Mediterranean and Standard hypolipemic diet (1573 kcal/6581 kJ vs 1287/5385 kJ) on anthropometric parameters, HbA1c and glycemia in 124 obese individuals, BMI (41.59±7.32 kg/m2). Methods: Subjects were enrolled in multidisciplinary structured program, which lasted for 5 days. The main aim was to change dietary and lifestyle habits. Results: The highest change in body weight was after three months of follow-up period, when also the most significant decrease in body weight was observed. The results showed that the Mediterranean diet group had better anthropometric parameters (weight loss 9, 38 %, BMI 3, 8 kg/m2) compared to Standard hypolipemic group (weight loss 8, 28 %, BMI 3, 4 kg/m2) after 12 months. In Mediterranean group statistically significant changes in HbA1c were associated with lower daily serving of meat dish, bread and pastries, biscuits and confectionery, as in Standard hypolipemic group. Also better glucose control, in Mediterranean group, correlated with lower daily intake of alcohol, as with higher daily intake of milk and dairy, fresh juice, vegetables, beans and cereals. In Standard hypolipemic group higher change in glucose values correlated with lower daily intake of dried meat products, cakes and alcohol. The reduction in body weight and waist circumference proved to be greater in subjects in the Mediterranean group compared to subjects in the Standard hypolipemic group, although the Mediterranean group had an average higher energy intake of 286 kcal. Conclusions: In both groups positive changes in dietary habits were noted, but given result provides a contribution to the evidence that the Mediterranean diet may be better model for safe weight loss applicable in clinical practice. |
