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Tropaeolum majus L. is a plant belonging to the Tropaeolaceae family, and is rich in benzyl glucosinolate [1]. The degradation product of benzyl glucosinolate, benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), exhibits various biological activities, such as antiproliferative and antimicrobial activities [1]. Two modern extraction techniques (microwave-assisted distillation (MAD), and microwave hydrodiffusion and gravity (MHG)) were used to prepare essential oil (EO) and extract from T. majus seeds, afterwards their chemical composition of volatile compounds was investigated with GC-MS/MS present in. The biological activity of samples (EO, extract and pure compounds) was focused on the antiproliferative effect against different cancer cell lines: cervical cancer cell line (HeLa), human colon cancer cell line (HCT116), and human osteosarcoma cell line (U2OS), while antibacterial activity was evaluated by determination of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and anti-adhesion effect on polystyrene surface of T. majus samples against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. EO of T. majus enriched with BITC showed higher antiproliferative activity (IC50 < 5 µg/mL) than T. majus extract (IC50 < 27 µg/mL) against three cancer cell lines: HeLa, HCT116, and U2OS. BITC showed significantly higher inhibitory effect on the proliferation rate of all tested cancer cells compared to BCN. T. majus EO and extract showed strong antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli, with MIC values ranging from 0.06 mg/mL to 1 mg/mL, respectively. Among tested formulations, BITC had the best anti-adhesion activity, even in subinhibitory concentration against both bacteria. Studies on the antiproliferative and antimicrobial activities of EOs and extracts rich in isothiocyanates, are of great importance as they have the potential to target different types of carcinomas or to extend the shelf life of food as natural preservatives in the food industry. References: [1] I. Vrca, F. Burčul, I. Blažević, A. Bratanić, T. Bilušić. Croat. J. Food Sci. Technol. 13 (2021) 160-166. |
