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AIM: To evaluate the average variables that define the soft tissue facial profile of Caucasian sample by means of angular measurements and to test the gender differences. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: A sample consisted of 110 students (52 males and 58 females). The mean age for males was 28.7, and for females 25.7. The criteria for selection included aesthetically pleasing and balanced soft tissue profile, dental class I occlusion with normal overjet-overbite relationships, Caucasian race and no previous orthodontic treatment. The right side profile records were taken in natural head position. The photographic records were analysed with the software for Windows, Microsoft® ; Visio® ; 2000, Standard Edition. To obtain all angular measurements 10 landmarks were located on digitized image and all manual procedure were done by the same operator. RESULTS: Four angles showed gender differences: nasofrontal angle (G-N-Nd, p=0.030), nasolabial angle (Cm-Sn-Ls, p=0.018), mentolabial angle (Li-Sm-Pg, p=0.019) and nasal tip angle (N-Prn-Cm, p=0.001).All the angles that presented gender dimorphism were wider in females: the nasofrontal angle (G-N-Nd females =139.11 6.35 degrees, males = 136.38 6.71 degrees), nasolabial angle (Cm-Sn-Ls females =109.39 ± ; 7.84 degrees, males = 105.42 ± ; 9.52 degrees), mentolabial angle (Li-Sm-Pg females = 134.50 ± ; 9.08 degrees, males 129.26 ± ; 9.55 degrees) and nasal tip angle (N-Prn-Cm females =84.12 ± ; 5.20 degrees, males 79.85 ± ; 6.36 degrees). The greatest variability was found for the mentolabial angle with highest standard deviation. The nasolabial and mentolabial angles showed the highest method error (1.5-2.5 degrees) CONCLUSIONS: Gender differences were observed in four out of ten measurements and all that angles were wider in females. Relatively high method error and large variability was found for the mentolabial angle. The given values can be used for the comparison of the subjects with malocclusion, indicating areas of the facial disharmony |
