| Autor: |
Marović, Gordana, Prlić, Ivica, Senčar, Jasminka, Franić, Zdenko, Radalj, Željko. |
| Přispěvatelé: |
Knapp, Vladimir, Debrecin, Nenad |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Rok vydání: |
2002 |
| Předmět: |
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| Popis: |
Within the Radiation Protection Unit of the Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health in Zagreb operates a mobile unit equipped for the field intervention measurements in cases of possible radiological and nuclear accidents. The unit was established for the purpose of emergency preparedness as Krško Nuclear Power Plant started to operate. Regular exercises are carried out twice a year at the selected locations of northwestern Croatia, in order to maintain the high professional level of emergency preparedness. The unit employs the methods of rapid field radioactivity measurements. These involve the measurements of exposure dose rates - digital dosimeter (ALARA ED), total alpha and total beta activities in the air and in situ gamma-spectrometrical measurements. It should be noted that these techniques are sensitive enough to detect the presence of, and even slights increases of the fission radionuclides. Results represent the valuable basis on the status of radioactive contamination in the territory of northwestern Croatia. The paper presents only exposure dose rates and the total alpha and beta activities determined in the air at selected locations over the past few years, obtained in the field measurements during the exercises. According to our results, the total alpha activities ranged from 0.62?0.07 Bqm-3 to 26.9?0.3 Bqm-3 and total beta activities from 0.9?0.1 Bqm-3 to 412?4 Bqm-3. Rapid field methods are presently used for measurement of radionuclides in the atmosphere: they might be of terrestrial or cosmogenic origin. Radionuclides of terrestrial origin include a multitude of short-lived daughters of natural radioactive series. Their activity may enhance the total alpha and beta activities in the air due to atmospheric circumstances (e.g. fog, fallout etc.). During laboratory measurements using standard procedure, daily alpha and beta activities are determined after a period of 120 hours from the end of sampling, which is the time necessary for the decay of short-lived radionuclides. The enhanced presence of short-lived radionuclides results from the momentary status of the atmosphere during the air sampling and directly depends on meteorological situation. |
| Databáze: |
OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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