| Popis: |
High fall syndrome (high rise syndrome) is a set of injuries that a cat suffers when falling from a window or balcony, rarely with fatal consequences. The syndrome usually affects younger animals. In cats 60% of them is usully younger than one year. A fall most often happens during playing games, catching prey or waking up from sleep. The triad of injuries includes epistaxis, pneumothorax and cleft palate. In the case of fall, an animal needs to be examined in detail, even if it is behaving normally. The ABC protocol is implemented. In the event of shock (collapse, weakness, and pale gums), fluid therapy is required. Most commonly we use crystalloid and/or colloidal solutions. If the animals are having difficulty breathing, they should be given oxygen through a mask or nasal tube. Pneumothorax requires the removal of air from the chest - thoracentesis. Analgesics are used, usually opioids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. After stabilization, fracture repair is approached, conservatively or surgically. Injuries including head are fractures of the mandibular symphysis and cleft palate and luxation of the temporomandibular joint. Long tubular bone fractures are divided according to the AO classification. Fracture treatment methods use a conservative approach and surgical treatment. Fixation methods are fixation bandages, external fixators, plates and screws, and intramedullary pins. Methods of treating hip dislocation and/or fracture can be conservative and operative (Toggle pin techniques, Martini techniques, and FHO). |
