| Popis: |
Reactions of soils on climate induced influences are differed from the responses to be habitual in the normal seasons. The aim of this study was to evaluate climatic extremities on the behaviour of the tillage induced defects, namely traffics’ loading, pan- compaction, soil smearing and kneading, dust formation, crumb reduction, remaining bare surface and crust formation. The rain stress caused water stagnation on the surface and on the pan layer, deteriorated the crumbs, silted the dust in the surface, and removed the dusts to the nearest compact layer and contributed to the extension of pan layer. Further tillage induced damages that is over-settled state, disk pan, plough pan, large, cloddy surface, cavities in the tilled layer, dust formation, and bare surface – were found as drought stress increasing factors. The heat stress, over drying, greater water deficit and/or limited water transport, serious water loss, soil desiccation, cracking, crumb degradation and crusting were originated from the coupled tillage and drought induced phenomena. Due to long-term soil state measurements, it can be concluded that both soils, to be in well-kept or neglected conditions are exposed to the climatic threats. However, the vulnerability of soils can really be reduced by adaptation of soil conservation methods, including tillage. |
