| Popis: |
Mitochondria, whose mitochondrial DNA (~16.5 Kb) or mitogenome is passed through maternal inheritance, play a critical role in the general functional aspects of mammalian cells, and their dysfunction has been associated with various metabolic phenotypes related to bioenergy. Therefore, it is surprising that information about the mitogenome has been little used in animal breeding and diversity management. In the following, we first provide an overview of the biological aspects of mito chondrial inheritance and its implications for shaping phenotypic variation. Using cattle as an example, we will show how mitogenome information can help to i) estimate the impact on quantitative traits important for cattle production, ii) identify deleterious mutations that cause disease, iii) identify ancient introgression and upgrading, iv) estimate genetic diversity and relatedness of populations, v) screen and/or identify pedigree errors, and vi) estimate mitochondrial effectiveness and its link to productive traits. Finally, we will present some recent developments where mitogenome information has been implemented in the commercial SNP chip. |
