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Urtica dioica L. or stinging nettle is a perennial dioecious plant that grows in moderate climates. Stinging nettle is usually found near human inhabitations, on uncultivated areas, and along roads and river valleys. In the past, people considered nettle to be a useless weed, but with the further development of medicine, it has been found for it to be a very useful and medicinal plant. Nettle is rich in vitamins A, C, K, riboflavin, and also contains minerals, such as: calcium, iron, sodium, magnesium, then phenolic compounds, phytosterols, tannins, essential oils, proteins, carotenoids, chlorophyll, and others. For medicinal purposes, the whole plant is collected, and it is used for the purpose strengthening of immunity and for the normal heart function ; it relieves digestive problems, suppress colds and rheumatic problems, it also supresses the inflammation of the urinary tract, etc. It has antiviral and antimicrobial action. The young leaves are edible, and when grown it can be sown directly by seed, or it can be grown by use of seedlings. In addition to the theoretical discussion, in the paper has been used a survey of respondents, and the goal was to investigate the basic knowledge about nettles. The results of a survey that was conducted during the first half of 2022 has showed the following results: more than 50% of respondents have knowledge of the basic biological, chemical, ecological and cultivation characteristics of nettle, and slightly less than two thirds of the respondents are familiar with the basic knowledge of medicinal characteristics of this species. |
