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Modern era transport uses modern transport technologies. In fact, intermodal transport – means goods transportation in dedicated transport units by vehicles belonging to at least two different traffic branches, where in places that the different vehicles meet no manipulation with the goods takes place. Intermodal transport originated from the need to cut energy costs and reduce transport times in order to achieve a higher level of efficiency. The most common way of transport is road freight, with vehicles equipped with diesel- generator sets that are able to provide power supply to reefer containers, in order to maintain desired ambient parameters (temperature, humidity, number of air changes per hour, etc.) inside the containers. One of the key issues with road freight is under capacity, i.e. inability to transport a large number of containers in a short period of time. On the other hand, reefer containers transported by rail are either left without power or powered by adding diesel gensets to the container housing. However, such transportation is not reliable nor acceptable to the cargo owners and as a rule most freight containers are transported by road. In order to overcome afore stated problems an innovative technical solution which provides suitable power supply to reefer containers aboard wagons has been developed and tested in real-life conditions. The basic idea is to draw power from the trains so called single-phase, head- end-power line (usually 1500 Vac, 1500 Vdc or 3000 Vdc), readily available at the locomotive, or on wagons with electric installation. Therefore, to supply the reefer containers it is necessary to perform the transformation of the single-phase voltage (AC or DC), into three-phase voltage, 400 Vac, 50 Hz. Since the permitted deviations from the nominal voltage, according to the relevant railway standard UIC 600, are considerable, a carefully designed static converter system had to be developed. Apart from the problem of output voltage stabilization a considerable number of additional requirements had to be met such as low weight, cooling, vibrations i.e. mechanical stress, EMC, suitable cable routing, remote control, etc. |
