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Objectives: Pulmonary dysfunction is the main cause of mortality in cystic fibrosis and has a close relationship with malnutrition. Therefore, early detection of malnutrition is essential to starting nutritional interventions as soon as possible. Routinely BMI is used as a marker of malnutrition but Bio-electrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) is now widely used method in body composition assessment. Our aim was to evaluate relationship between BMI, pulmonary function tests and BIA variables - fat free mass (FFM), sarcopenic index (SI), phase angle (PA) and fat free mass index (FFMI). Methods: 30 adult CF patients treated in adult CF centre in Croatia were included. After obtaining basic demographic, anthropometric and clinical data, each patient had pulmonary function tests and BIA performed. Results: 30 CF patients (17F, 13M) entered the study. Mean age, FEV1, BMI and FFMI were 24.7 years (range 17–34), 2.03 L (range 0.53–4.38), 13.1 kg/ m2 (range 13.1–28.7) and 16.9 kg/m2 (range 12.9– 21.5), respectively. We found positive correlations between FEV1 and BMI, FFMI, PA and SI (r = 0.31, p = 0.09 ; r = 0.52, p = 0.0002 ; r = 0.45, p = 0.01 ; r = 0.65, p = 0.0001, respectively). Multiple linear regression showed statistically significant influence of sarcopenia on pulmonary function (p = 0.04). There was a 0.4 increase in SI for each extra litre in FEV1. Conclusion: We have presented the first evaluation of nutritional status on national level regarding adult CF population in Croatia. Sarcopenic index may be a better prognostic indicator of severe pulmonary dysfunction in adult CF patients than BMI, and the early recognition of malnutrition by BIA may improve clinical outcomes. These preliminary results point towards the importance of an interdisciplinary approach and obligatory body composition studies while assessing CF patients. |
