| Abstrakt: |
Growth hormone (GH) plays a crucial role in growth, sex mature, and immunity in chickens. Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) is an exogenous tumorigenic retrovirus that primarily induces immunosuppression, growth retardation, decreased egg production, tumors, and even death in chickens. Previous studies have suggested that GH is involved in the regulation of innate immunity and inflammation. However, the specific role of GH in response to ALV-J remains unclear. In this study, we observed a significant upregulation of GH protein expression in the plasma of ALV infected chickens, and a marked increase in GH mRNA in ALV-J infected cells. We found that lower gp85expression correlated with higher GHexpression in immune tissues, suggesting that GHmay inhibit gp85expression. Additionally, GHoverexpression enhanced the expression of interferons (IFN-α, IFN-β), interferon-stimulating genes (Mx1, ASCL1, CH25H), and pro-inflammatory factors (Mx1, ASCL1, CH25H) in DF-1 cells infected with ALV-J. GHalso affect the cell cycle by regulating the expression of cell proliferation-related genes (p21, PCNA, Cyclin B2, Cyclin D1, Cyclin D2) and cell apoptosis-related genes (p53, Fas, Cyct, Caspase-1, Caspase-3, Caspase-8). More importantly, we found that GHrestricted cell proliferation and apoptosis, and inhibited the replication of ALV-J by activating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in DF-1 cells. In conclusion, these results indicate GHplays a role in the antiviral response against the replication of ALV-J, providing evidence of an interaction between GH and the innate immunity in chickens. |
