| Abstrakt: |
Buffer systems play a vital role in maintaining the stability of soil composition against fluctuations caused by natural or human-induced chemical inputs. This phenomenon, known as buffer action, is essential in soil science, ecology, and environmental management. Determining the buffer capacity of soils is imperative for assessing the permissible dosage of pollutants that can be introduced without disrupting the system natural functioning. This paper focuses on the quantitative aspects of buffering theory applied to heterogeneous systems with multiple components. It highlights how the buffering properties of solid phase components modify with solubility, mainly due to protolytic and hydrolysis reactions or complexation processes. The study marks the first demonstration that the heterogeneous soil systems under examination exhibit buffer action towards all of the reactant components, not just in relation to the pH of the soil solution. By utilizing derived equations, the research evaluates the buffer action of “natural mineral—soil solution” systems encompassing soluble and insoluble species. Through the application of derived equations, the buffering action of systems containing soluble and insoluble phosphate species in struvite-soil solution systems is assessed. By utilizing the findings of this research, it becomes possible to anticipate changes in soil composition and reactivity in response to increased anthropogenic stress. This paper provides insights into soil buffering mechanisms, emphasizing pH, metal cation, and anion buffering related to nutrient availability, based on thermodynamic principles rather than kinetics ones. The applications of the developed model, including the mineral formation-dissolution thermodynamics and the use of struvite buffers, are crucial for understanding soil buffering processes. |
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