| Abstrakt: |
In an open-air market in southern Italy, we noticed ‘Lady finger’ banana fruit imported from Costa Rica showing a severe rot, whose symptoms consisted of necrotic peel lesions with variable shape and size. Fusarium sacchariand F. proliferatumwere consistently isolated from symptomatic fruit. In pathogenicity tests on ‘Lady finger’ banana fruit, F. proliferatumwas more virulent than F. sacchari. Quantitative Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometric analysis of secondary metabolites produced by isolates of these two Fusariumspecies on three different matrices (banana peel, barley and maize kernels) identified 11 mycotoxins. Seven of them (Fusaproliferin, Fumonisins A1, Fumonisins A2and Fumonisins B1, Hydrolysed Fumonisin B1, Fusarin C and Moniliformin) were detected in matrices contaminated by F. proliferatumisolates. Fumonisin A1was the prevalent mycotoxin in both maize kernels and banana peel, while Fumonisin A2prevailed in barley kernels. Similarly, seven mycotoxins (the cyclic hexadepsipeptides Enniatins B2, B3and B4, Fumonisins A1and B2, Hydrolysed Fumonisin B1and Fusarin C) were detected in matrices contaminated by F. sacchariisolates, but they were only in part the same as those produced by F. proliferatumisolates. Fusarin C prevailed in all three matrices colonized by F. sacchari. Fumonisin A1was detected exclusively in maize kernels while Enniatins B3and B4,Fumonisin B2and Hydrolysed Fumonisin B1were detected exclusively in barley kernels. Overall, F. proliferatumproduced a higher amount of mycotoxins than F. sacchari. Moreover, in banana peel both species produced a lower number and amount of mycotoxins than in the other two matrices. |
Full text from SpringerLink