Contribution of ear and awns to the yield in wheat under terminal heat stress condition

Autor: Pradeep, S. D., Paul, Vijay, Pandey, Rakesh, Harikrishna, Jain, Neelu, Kumar, Pramod, Singh, P. K., Meena, R. C., Aishwarya, K. R., Dineshkumar, G.
Zdroj: Plant Physiology Reports; September 2024, Vol. 29 Issue: 3 p582-597, 16p
Abstrakt: Wheat is a major staple food of world. Heat stress has emerged as a major problem in wheat with detrimental effects on overall growth (vegetative and reproductive phases), yield and quality of grains. There exists wide variability for various physiological traits across the wheat genotypes that can contribute or confer tolerance to heat stress. In this context, so far little attention has been paid on ear and ear-related traits for their role in imparting yield stability and heat tolerance in wheat. Present study was therefore done to assess the contribution of ear and awns to the yield in wheat under heat stress condition. Twenty-nine wheat genotypes with variability in ear characteristics were selected and subjected to heat stress by late sowing (15 December). Results revealed huge variability across the wheat genotypes for the contribution made to the main ear grain yield by the main ear itself (1.9% in MP 4010 to 45.7% in HD 3059) and by the awns (− 12.2% in SOKOLU to 30.1% in CUS/79/PRULA). Negative values as recorded for contribution made by awns [SOKOLU (− 12.2%), MP 4010 (− 8.56%) and HUW (− 8.48%)] indicated that in these genotypes, awns served as sink rather than source. Derived parameter i.e., contribution made by main ear without awns ranged from − 18.0 (Kundan) to 37.5% (NP 4). Overall, the study revealed a huge genotypic variability for the contribution (viaphotosynthesis) made by main ear and its components (awns and spikelets). Genotypes were ranked and contrasting ones were identified. Presence of awns and their length emerged as beneficial trait under terminal heat stress. Intra-ear competition was noticed and thereby this study proposed the concept of “awns with optimum length and physiological performance”. In future, ear-related traits and the genotypes identified can be utilized in breeding of wheat for thermo-tolerance under diverse environments. Work in the direction to decipher physiological and biochemical bases of ear-related traits, including the awns, will not only provide better understanding but also decipher the possible mechanism/s that impart thermo-tolerance in wheat.
Databáze: Supplemental Index
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