| Abstrakt: |
The Mut Basin in Southern Türkiye formed as a post-orogenic intramontane collapse depression and a thick carbonate succession consisting mainly of platform carbonates and reefal limestones deposited in the basin during the Late Burdigalian–Late Tortonian. These shallow marine carbonates provide a high-resolution sedimentary record of several relative sea-level changes. Through sedimentological and biostratigraphical analyses, we have identified four major relative sea-level changes in the stratigraphic succession during the Late Burdigalian, Late Serravallian, Early Tortonian and the Late Tortonian. The first marine transgression, during the Late Burdigalian, flooded the basin and led to carbonate sedimentation, which continued without significant interruption until the Late Serravallian, causing the greatest amount of extension and deepening of the Mut Basin. However, the relative fall in sea level during the Late Serravallian interrupted marine sedimentation at the basin margin, causing subaerial exposure and fluvial erosion of carbonate sediments. As a result, the sediments eroded during this period were initially deposited in the shoreface and foreshore zones as sharp-based, forced regressive depositional units. The continued fall in base level was manifested by incised fluvial palaeovalleys; these formed on the reefal limestones of the Mut Formation, representing forced regression and unconformity. The latest sea-level lowering and early base-level rise resulted in the deposition of fluvial successions at the base of the incised valleys during the Early Tortonian. The rising sea level inundated the incised valleys and turned them into embayments. Gilbert-type delta, shoal-water delta, shoreface, foreshore, lagoonal sediments and platform carbonates were deposited within the incised valleys. These sediments reflect the interplay of marine flooding and sediment supply within the incised valley. The transgression associated with the Early Tortonian eustatic rise in sea level and the basin subsidence resulted in the deposition of a second generation of reefal limestones along the basin margin, namely the Tırtar Formation, which is directly superimposed on the limestones of the Mut Formation. The Late Tortonian forced regression was associated with the tectonic uplift of the Mut Basin and resulted in subaerial exposure and fluvial erosion along the basin margin. The sediments eroded from the Tırtar Formation formed Gilbert-type delta deposits on the lowstand shoreline. |
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