| Abstrakt: |
Introduction: Invasive infections caused by Salmonellaare a significant global health concern. This population-based study aimed to comprehensively analyze invasive Salmonellainfections in South Sweden, focusing on incidence, clinical presentation, risk factors, and outcomes. Methods: This population-based observational cohort study, conducted from 2012 to 2022, included all patients with Salmonellabloodstream infections (BSI) in the Skåne region, South Sweden. A control group consisted of patients with positive stool cultures/PCR for Salmonellabut without BSI. Data were collected following a predefined study protocol from medical records. Standardized statistical analyses assessed patient characteristics, clinical presentation, and outcomes. Results: Between 2012 and 2022, 149 patients with SBSI were identified, with the majority having non-typhoidal Salmonella(NTS) infections (95%). A declining trend in the incidence of SBSI was observed, with the highest incidence in 2012 (1.5 per 100,000 person-years) and the lowest in 2020 (0.3 per 100,000 person-years). Patients with BSI were more likely to be older, have comorbidities, be immunosuppressed, and use proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). Additionally, patients with BSI presented with fewer gastrointestinal symptoms, had a higher respiratory rate, lower saturation, and higher SOFA scores, suggesting a more septic presentation. Patients with SBSI had significantly longer hospital stays and higher 30-day, 90-day, 180-day, and 365-day mortality rates compared to the control group. Conclusion: Invasive Salmonellainfections are rare in South Sweden. In a cohort of enteric and invasive Salmonellainfection, the absence of classic gastroenteritis symptoms increases the risk of Salmonellabloodstream infection. This study highlights the importance of distinguishing between clinical presentations to guide appropriate treatment when Salmonellainfection is suspected. The declining trend in incidence, particularly associated with international travel, necessitates further investigation to understand contributing factors. |
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