| Abstrakt: |
The study evaluated contamination levels of some rivers in Nwangele, Southeastern, Nigeria using pollution and health risk indices as well as irrigation quality assessment. Samples were analyzed using standard methods. The result revealed pH values ranging from 4.59 ± 0.33 to 5.41 ± 0.31 in wet and dry seasons. Levels of Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn at 5.30 ± 4.16, 0.94 ± 0.38, 0.61 ± 0.15, and 7.45 ± 6.45 mg/L, respectively, were observed. A high pollution load index (PLI) (1.46) was observed at Nwangele River, while a low PLI (0.81) was recorded at Obiaraedu River. There is a major health risk if the water samples are not suitable for drinking, as shown by the water quality index values (> 300). The Hazard quotient and the total non-carcinogenic health hazard index through the dermal adsorption and ingestion of the surface water were < 1. However, chronic daily intake value > 1 was observed for children in both seasons due to high levels of some heavy metals, suggesting that intake of these surface waters may threaten the health of the inhabitants. Carcinogenic risk values were above 10−6and 10−4due to Pb levels in the surface water. This might seriously endanger the local population, particularly the kids. Irrigation quality analysis revealed that the water sources were suitable except for the increased magnesium level. The results suggested the need for appropriate treatment of the surface water sources before usage to prevent unforeseen health challenges. This could arise due to the possibility of bioaccumulation of the metallic contaminants which might take place over time. |
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