| Abstrakt: |
Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is considered to be the most common form of dementia. The drugs that are available for the treatment of AD provide only partial improvement of the condition. In recent years, natural ingredients have received increased attention in generating novel medications for treating various neurological disorders, including AD. Vigna radiataand Vigna pilosaare plants that are routinely included in many Ayurvedic formulations used to manage memory impairment.Objectives The present study was conducted to evaluate the in vitroanticholinesterase and neuroprotective activities of the plants V. radiataand V. pilosa.Materials and Methods A modified 96-well microplate assay according to Ellman’s method was employed to measure acetyl choline esterase (AChE) inhibitory activity. In vitroneuroprotective effect was measured by the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay using the SHSY-5Y (neuroblastoma cells) cell line against β-amyloid induced neurotoxicity. The ethyl acetate extract of V. radiataand the ethanolic extract of V. pilosa, which showed maximum AChE inhibitory activity, were selected for the MTT assay. The cell viability was evaluated by direct observation of cells with the help of an inverted phase contrast microscope, followed by the MTT assay method.Results Maximum AChE inhibitory activity was exhibited by an ethyl acetate extract of V. radiata. It showed AChE activity with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 286.40 µg/mL, while the ethanol extract of V. pilosashowed an IC50value of 160.19 µg/mL. Extracts of both plants, V. radiataand V. pilosa, significantly (p≤ 0.001) improved the percentage of cell viability in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion The plants V. radiataand V. pilosashowed potent anti-Alzheimer activity when tested using in vitroAChE inhibitory activity and by MTT assay using an β-amyloid-induced in vivocytotoxicity model. These findings demand the need for further studies using in vivomodels. |
