| Abstrakt: |
The growing demand for almonds worldwide is due to their richness in mineral compounds. Considering the value of Iranian almond cultivars in the global market, the present study examined the influence of saline water on the biochemical and molecular behaviors of the ‘TS3’ and ‘Sahand’ almond cultivars. In particular, proline and hydrogene peroxide contents, ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and peroxidase (POD) enzyme activity, as well as Sucrose non-fermenting 1-related protein kinases 1 (SAPK1), Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), and Δ1-pyrroline-5 carboxylate synthetase (P5 CS) gene expression were compared. Our findings indicated that the salt treatments augmented enzyme activity, although some drops were recorded at higher concentrations. The highest enzyme activity values for SOD (105.76 uμmol/min and mg FW), APX (21.45 uμmol/min and mg FW), CAT (10.64 uμmol/min and mg FW), PPO (8.53 uμmol/min and mg FW), GPX (12.10 uμmol/min and mg FW), and POD (89.77 uμmol/min and mg FW) belonged to the ‘TS3’ plants exposed to 8.5 dS/m of NaCl. The relative expression of P5 CSin both almond cultivars showed an increasing trend at higher salt levels. However, the expression of MnSODand SAPK1in the ‘Sahand’ cultivar at 8.5 dS/m NaCl level decreased. The sequence of the MnSOD, SAPK1, and P5 CSgenes were registered in National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). The gene sequence BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) analysis showed high similarity with Rosaceae family members. |
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