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Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection hasbecome a worldwide pandemic and created an utmost crisis across the globe. To mitigate the crisis, thedesign of vaccine is the crucial solution. The frequent mutation of the virus demands generalizedvaccine candidates, which would be effective for all mutated strains at present and for the strains thatwould evolve due to further new mutations in the virus. Objective: The objective of this study is to identify more frequently occurring mutated variants ofSARS-CoV-2 and to suggest peptide vaccine candidates effective against the viral strains considered. Methods: In this study, we have identified all currently prevailing mutated strains of SARS-CoV-2through 2D Polar plot and Quotient Radius (qR) characterization descriptor. Then, by considering thetop eight mutation strains, which are significant due to their frequency of occurrence, peptide regionssuitable for vaccine design have been identified with the help of a mathematical model, 2D PolygonRepresentation, followed by the evaluation of epitope potential, ensuring that there is no case of anyautoimmune threat. Lastly, in order to verify whether this entire approach is applicable for vaccinedesign against any other virus in general, we have made a comparative study between the peptidevaccine candidates prescribed for the Zika virus using the current approach and a list of potentialvaccine candidates for the same already established in the past. Results: We have finally suggested three generalized peptide regions which would be suitable assustainable peptide vaccine candidates against SARS-CoV-2 irrespective of its currently prevailingstrains as well any other variant of the same that may appear in the future. We also observed thatduring the comparative study using the case of E protein of Zika virus, the peptide regions suggestedusing the new approach that matches with the already established results. Conclusion: The study, therefore, illustrates an approach that would help in developing peptidevaccine against SARS-CoV-2 by suggesting those peptide regions which can be targeted irrespectiveof any mutated form of this virus. The consistency with which this entire approach was also able tofigure out similar vaccine candidates for Zika virus with utmost accuracy proves that this protocol canbe extended for peptide vaccine design against any other viruses in the future. |
