| Autor: |
van Wel, Luuk, Liorni, Ilaria, Huss, Anke, Thielens, Arno, Wiart, Joe, Joseph, Wout, Röösli, Martin, Foerster, Milena, Massardier-Pilonchery, Amelie, Capstick, Myles, Cardis, Elisabeth, Vermeulen, Roel |
| Zdroj: |
Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology; 20240101, Issue: Preprints p1-9, 9p |
| Abstrakt: |
In order to achieve an integrated radio-frequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) dose assessment, detailed information about source-specific exposure duration and output power is needed. We developed an Integrated Exposure Model (IEM) to combine energy absorbed due to use of and exposure to RF-EMF sources and applied it to a sample of the general population to derive population RF-EMF estimates. The IEM used specific absorption rate transfer algorithms to provide RF-EMF daily dose estimates (mJ/kg/day) using source-specific attributes (e.g. output power, distance), personal characteristics and usage patterns. Information was obtained from an international survey performed in four European countries with 1755 participants. We obtained median whole-body and whole-brain doses of 183.7 and 204.4 mJ/kg/day. Main contributors to whole-brain dose were mobile phone near the head for calling (2G networks) and far-field sources, whereas the latter together with multiple other RF-EMF sources were main contributors for whole-body dose. For other anatomical sites, 2G phone calls, mobile data and far-field exposure were important contributors. The IEM provides insight into main contributors to total RF-EMF dose and, applied to an international survey, provides an estimate of population RF-dose. The IEM can be used in future epidemiological studies, risk assessments and exposure reduction strategies. |
| Databáze: |
Supplemental Index |
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