| Autor: |
Harper, L. A., Sharpe>, R. R., Langdale, G. W., Giddens, J. E. |
| Zdroj: |
Agronomy Journal; November 1987, Vol. 79 Issue: 6 p965-973, 9p |
| Abstrakt: |
An understanding of N cycling in the soil‐plant‐atmosphere components of wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) production systems is necessary to maximize yield and quality. The objectives of this study were to examine N cycling and observe the effects of N surplus and deficit on N absorption/desorption in the soil and atmosphere and to evaluate translocation within the plant. Soil, plant, and microclimate measurements were taken concurrently, and soil, plant, and atmospheric ammonia (NH3) transport determined. During the early vegetative phase, plant N concentration reached a maximum; however, during the remaining growth periods, N concentration decreased even though N uptake from the soil continued until plant maturity. More total N was translocated to grain from leaves than stems, and translocation from the leaves began earlier than that from stems. Isotope and total N studies showed that after anthesis about half of the grain N came from remobilization from leaves and stems and the other half directly from the soil. A progressively larger percentage of N came from mineralized organic matter as the season progressed. Nitrogen was lost as volatile NH3from the plant after fertilizer application and during the senescence period. Prior to anthesis, atmospheric NH3absorption was observed during a period when soil N was temporarily unavailable. About 21% equivalent of the applied fertilizer was lost as volatilized NH3. During the period of soil unavailability an amount equivalent to about 1% equivalent of the applied fertilizer was gained from atmospheric NH3by plant absorption. |
| Databáze: |
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