Diffusion imaging markers of bipolar versus general psychopathology risk in youth at-risk

Autor: Versace, A, Ladouceur, CD, Graur, S, Acuff, HE, Bonar, LK, Monk, K, McCaffrey, A, Yendiki, A, Leemans, A, Travis, MJ, Diwadkar, VA, Holland, SK, Sunshine, JL, Kowatch, RA, Horwitz, SM, Frazier, TW, Arnold, LE, Fristad, MA, Youngstrom, EA, Findling, RL, Goldstein, BI, Goldstein, T, Axelson, D, Birmaher, B, Phillips, ML
Zdroj: Neuropsychopharmacology; October 2018, Vol. 43 Issue: 11 p2212-2220, 9p
Abstrakt: Bipolar disorder (BD) is highly heritable. Thus, studies in first-degree relatives of individuals with BD could lead to the discovery of objective risk markers of BD. Abnormalities in white matter structure reported in at-risk individuals could play an important role in the pathophysiology of BD. Due to the lack of studies with other at-risk offspring, however, it remains unclear whether such abnormalities reflect BD-specific or generic risk markers for future psychopathology. Using a tract-profile approach, we examined 18 major white matter tracts in 38 offspring of BD parents, 36 offspring of comparison parents with non-BD psychopathology (depression, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder), and 41 offspring of healthy parents. Both at-risk groups showed significantly lower fractional anisotropy (FA) in left-sided tracts (cingulum, inferior longitudinal fasciculus, forceps minor), and significantly greater FA in right-sided tracts (uncinate fasciculus and inferior longitudinal fasciculus), relative to offspring of healthy parents (P< 0.05). These abnormalities were present in both healthy and affected youth in at-risk groups. Only offspring (particularly healthy offspring) of BD parents showed lower FA in the right superior longitudinal fasciculus relative to healthy offspring of healthy parents (P< 0.05). We show, for the first time, important similarities, and some differences, in white matter structure between offspring of BD and offspring of non-BD parents. Findings suggest that lower left-sided and higher right-sided FA in tracts important for emotional regulation may represent markers of risk for general, rather than BD-specific, psychopathology. Lower FA in the right superior longitudinal fasciculus may protect against development of BD in offspring of BD parents.
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