| Autor: |
Fonts, Isabel, Navarro‐Puyuelo, Andrea, Ruiz‐Gómez, Nadia, Atienza‐Martínez, María, Wisniewski, Alberto, Gea, Gloria |
| Zdroj: |
Energy Technology; January 2017, Vol. 5 Issue: 1 p151-171, 21p |
| Abstrakt: |
A procedure to analyze sewage sludge (SS) pyrolysis liquids based on solvent fractionation has been developed. Pyrolysis liquids are separated into three different fractions: heptane soluble (Hep‐sol), dichloromethane soluble (DCM‐sol), and hydrochloric acid soluble (HCl‐sol). Diverse techniques (GC‐MS, UPLC‐TOF‐MS) were employed to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze liquid fractions to assess the potential production of value‐added chemicals. Aliphatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic nitriles, and steroids were mostly separated in the Hep‐sol fraction, phenols and fatty acids in the DCM‐sol fraction, and carboxylic acids and amides in the HCl‐sol fraction. The largest production was obtained for ammonia (10–14 kg per tonne of SS) and α‐olefins (8–9 kg per tonne of SS). The potential production of some of these value‐added chemicals from SS pyrolysis liquid was compared with their current European production. In the case of α‐olefins, 16 % of their European production could be achieved by SS pyrolysis. From sludge to useful chemicals: An analytical procedure is developed and used to separate, identify, and quantify value‐added chemical compounds present in sewage sludge pyrolysis liquids. Chemicals of greatest interest are selected in terms of current level of production, renewable or nonrenewable origin source, and price. The building blocks of the raw material that result in these chemicals and the most favorable pyrolysis operational conditions for their production are discussed. |
| Databáze: |
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