| Autor: |
Zhang, Yueyang, Blewett, Tamzin A., Val, Adalberto L., Goss, Greg G. |
| Zdroj: |
Environmental Science: Nano; 2018, Vol. 5 Issue: 2 p476-486, 11p |
| Abstrakt: |
Electric power in and transportation to remote communities in the Amazon basin are almost entirely derived from the use of diesel engines. To increase the fuel efficiency and decrease CO2emissions, cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2NPs) are increasingly used as diesel fuel additives. The waters of the Rio Negro (Amazon, Brazil) have very low ion concentrations (<25 μmol L−1), low pH (12 mg L−1), all factors which would improve the solubility, dispersibility and bioavailability of CeO2NPs. Furthermore, the high levels of ultraviolet (UV) radiation present can activate CeO2NPs given that they are known photocatalytic particles. Thus, the release of CeO2NPs into the Amazon environment represents the most likely environment for CeO2NPs to exert any effect. The goals of this study were to determine 1) if toxicity of CeO2NPs occurs in vivousing a native species, cardinal tetra, 2) if sunlight mediates increased toxicity of CeO2NPs and 3) if the natural organic matter (NOM) present in Rio Negro waters mitigates or mediates the toxicity of CeO2NPs. CeO2NPs were found to produce hydroxyl radicals (·OH) in the presence of artificial sunlight. CeO2NPs also significantly induced gill lipid peroxidation, but only in the presence of artificial sunlight/on exposure to UV light. CeO2NPs and UV light were also combined to increase interlamellar cell mass resulting in pathohistological alterations in the gill morphology. The presence of NOM from the Rio Negro (∼13–15 mg L−1) reduced but did not necessarily eliminate these noted effects. |
| Databáze: |
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