| Autor: |
Dallara, Paul L., Seybold, Steven J., Meyer, Holger, Tolasch, Till, Francke, Wittko, Wood, David L. |
| Zdroj: |
The Canadian Entomologist; December 2000, Vol. 132 Issue: 6 p889-906, 18p |
| Abstrakt: |
AbstractAnalyses of pentane extracts of frass, whole beetles, and volatiles trapped on Porapak-Q from PityophthorusEichhoff spp. fed on Pinus radiataD. Don demonstrated that (E)-pityol [2-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-5-methyltetrahydrofuran] was produced by male Pityophthorus carmeliSwaine, female Pityophthorus nitidulus(Mannerheim), and female Pityophthorus setosusBlackman. (E)-(-)-Conophthorin) [(5S,7S)-(-)-7-methyl-1,6-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane] was produced by male P. carmeliand male P. nitidulus. Only the (2R,5S)-(+) stereoisomer of (E)-pityol was produced by male P. carmeliand female P. setosus. In field bioassays in central coastal California, P. setosuswas attracted to (E)-(+)-pityol, whereas P. carmeliresponded only to a combination of (E)-(-)-conophthorin and (E)-(+)-pityol. Male P. setosusand female P. carmeliresponded to these treatments with larger numbers than opposite-sex conspecifics. (E)-(-)-Conophthorin alone did not attract species of Pityophthorusbut significantly reduced catches of P. setosusto (E)-(+)-pityol. Lasconotus pertenuisCasey (Coleoptera: Colydiidae) and Ips mexicanus(Hopkins) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) were attracted to a combination of (E)-(-)-conophthorin and (E)-(+)-pityol, and showed a trend for attraction to all (E)-(-)-conophthorin-containing treatments. (E)-(-)-Pityol was neither attractive nor interruptive for any taxon. (E)-(+)-Pityol is shown to be an aggregation pheromone component for P. carmeliand P. setosus. (E)-(-)-Conophthorin functions as a pheromone component for P. carmeliand may also function as a synomone that decreases competition of P. carmeliand P. nitiduluswith P. setosusand as a kairomone for L. pertenuis. These semiochemicals have been useful in studying relationships among twig insects and the pathogen Fusarium circinatum(Nirenberg and O’Donnell), causal agent of pitch canker disease in P. radiata. |
| Databáze: |
Supplemental Index |
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