| Abstrakt: |
Twenty insecticides were sprayed on cattle for the control of adult lone star ticks, Amblyomma americanum (L.). At I day posttreatment all except 0.05% carbophenothion, 0.25% Dilan® [a mixture of 1 part of 1,1-bis (p-chlorophcnyl) -2-nitropropane (Prolan®) and 2 parts of 1,1-bis (p-chlorophenyl) -2-nitrobutane (Bulan®) ], 0.5% methoxychlor, and 0.5% Phostex® [a mixture of bis (dialkoxyphosphinothioyl) disulfides (alkyl ratio 75% ethyl, 25% isopropyl) ] afforded greater than 80% reduction in pretreatment numbers of ticks. At 1 week posttreatment 0.5 and 1% Bayer 22408 (O,O-diethyl O-naphthalimido phosphorothioate), 0.25 and 0.5% carbaryl, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75% Ciodrin® (alpha-methylbenzyl 3-hydroxycrotonate dimethyl phosphate), 0.5% coumaphos, 0.025% diazinon, 0.15% dioxathion, 0.1 and 0.25% fenthion, 0.5% malathion, 0.1 and 0.5% Methyl Trithion® [S- (p-chlorophenylthio)-methyl O,O-dimethyl phosphoiodithioate], 0.75% ronnel, 0.5% Ruelene® (4-tert-butyl-2-chlorophenyl methyl methylphosphoramidate), 0.1% Shell Compound 4072 [2-chloro-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl) vinyl diethyl phosphate], and 0.75 and 1.5% trichlorfon afforded tick control equal to or greater than that of the standard treatment, 0.5% toxaphene. Carbophenothion at 0.05%, 0.1% Ciodrin, 0.25% Dilan, 0.25% Imidan® (O,O-dimethyl S-phthalimidomethyl phosphorodithioate), 0.5% methoxychlor, 0.25% naled, and 0.5% Phostex were not so effective as the standard treatment. At 2 weeks posttreatment none appeared highly effective. Fourteen insecticides were sprayed on cattle and/or horses for the control of adult winter ticks, Dermacentor albipictus (Packard). As determined from examination of animals at 1 day after sprayings, 0.5% Bayer 22408, 0.25% Bayer 37341 [O,O-diethyl O-[4-(methylthio)-3,5-xylyl] phosphorothioate], 0.25 and 0.3% Ciodrin, 0.05% diazinon, 0.5% Dilan, 0.25% fenthion, 0.5% Methyl Trithion, 0.25% Nemacide® [O- (2,4-dichlorophenyl) O,O-diethyl phosphorothioate], 1 and 0.5% Ruelene, and 0.25% Shell Compound 4072, but not 0.5% Bayer 37342 [O,O-dimethyl O- [4- (methylthio) -3,5-xylyl] phosphorothioate], were effective in controlling the adult ticks on the animals at time of treatment. As determined at 1-week and 1-month examinations, only 0.25 an 0.5% Dilan failed to be as effective as the standard treatment in preventing reinfestation. Eight insecticides were sprayed on horses for the control of the black-legged tick, Ixodes ricinus scapularis Say. The horses were lightly infested with adults, and the degree of reinfestation pressure was unknown. At 1 day after spraying, all insecticides controlled ticks present on animals at time of tieatment, and very few ticks were found on animals at 1 week and 1 month posttreatment. |
