Abstrakt: |
The site or cause (such as gonadal disorder; blockage of ductulus efferens, epididymides, or ductus deferens; retrograde ejaculation; incomplete ejaculation; drug or toxin induced) of a pathologic or physiologic disturbance resulting in azoospermia or aspermia frequently can be determined through a methodical evaluation of the infertile dog. Through early detection, some dogs may return to a fertile state. Unfortunately, the majority of azoospermic or aspermic dogs remain infertile after diagnosis and therapy. |