| Abstrakt: |
Importance of the field:KRASmutation is the most common oncogenic alteration in various human cancers. Recently, KRAShas emerged as an important predictive biomarker in common malignancies such as metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This work aims to discuss the clinical impact of the KRASmutation status on state-of-the-art treatment approaches, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted therapies.Areas covered in this review:This review considers the potential of KRASto serve as a diagnostic, prognostic or predictive biomarker in various cancers, including those of the lung, colon/rectum, pancreas, ovary and endometrium.What the reader will gain:KRASmutations in mCRC and NSCLC primary tumors predict resistance to EGFR-targeted therapy. In pancreatic cancer, KRASmay prove useful as a diagnostic biomarker to screen for early neoplasia. Furthermore, quantitative KRASmutation analysis could have the potential to distinguish pancreatic cancer from other conditions such as chronic pancreatitis. With respect to ovarian and endometrial cancer, further studies should focus on determining reliable biomarkers for predicting response to EGFR-targeted therapy. Besides EGFR inhibition, KRASmay also serve as a diagnostic and predictive biomarker for evolving therapies directed against mutant RAS proteins.Take home message:KRAShas been recognized as an outstanding predictive biomarker to select mCRC and NSCLC patients for EGFR-targeted therapies; however, multi-determinant approaches including other molecular markers should facilitate the identification of patients likely to respond to such therapies. |
