Polymer Delivery of Camptothecin against 9L Gliosarcoma: Release, Distribution, and Efficacy

Autor: Storm, Phillip B., Moriarity, John L., Tyler, Betty, Burger, Peter C., Brem, Henry, Weingart, Jon
Zdroj: Journal of Neuro-Oncology; February 2002, Vol. 56 Issue: 3 p209-217, 9p
Abstrakt: Camptothecin is a potent antineoplastic agent that has shown efficacy against multiple tumor lines in vitro; unfortunately, systemic toxicity has limited its in vivo efficacy. This is the first study to investigate the release, biodistribution, and efficacy of camptothecin from a biodegradable polyanhydride polymer. Tritiated camptothecin was incorporated into biodegradable polymers that were implanted intracranially in 16 male Fischer 344 rats and the animals were followed up to 21 days post-implant. A concentration of 11–45 μg of camptothecin-sodium/mg brain tissue was within a 3 mm radius of the polymer disc, with levels of 0.1 μg at the outermost margin of the rat brain, 7 mm from the site of implantation. These tissue concentrations are within the therapeutic ranges for human and rat glioma lines tested against camptothecin-sodium in vitro. The in vivo efficacy of camptothecin-sodium was evaluated with male Fischer 344 rats implanted intracranially with 9L gliosarcoma and compared with the efficacy of 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU). The animals were divided into four groups. Group 1 (control) had a median survival of 17 days. Group 2 (3.8% BCNU polymer) had a median survival of 23 days (P=0.006). Group 3 (20% camptothecin polymer) had a median survival of 25 days (P=0.023). Group 4 (50% camptothecin polymer) had a median survival of 69 days (P<0.001). Drug loadings of 20% and 50% camptothecin released intact camptothecin for up to 1000 h in vitro. We conclude that the biodegradable polymer p(CPP : SA) releases camptothecin-sodium, produces tumoricidal tissue levels, results in little or no systemic toxicity, and prolongs survival in a rat glioma model.
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