| Abstrakt: |
Gender discrimination in the labor market is a widespread phenomenon, and occupational segregation is one of the main kinds of discrimination. In order to analyze the economic effects on occupational segregation of gender in the Chinese urban employment population, we measured the level of occupational segregation by dissimilarity index and estimated the change of the gender proportion of labor in various occupation, the wages and national incomes by CES and C - D production function. The purpose is to offer some suggestions to government policies for eliminating occupational segregation in light of the conclusion of econometric analysis. First, according to the Fifth National Census data, we made use of the dissimilarity index method to calculate the occupation (medium type) of Chinese urban employment population, we concluded that if the occupational distribution of the male stays remains unchanged, and the distributive proportion of the both male and female population in each occupation continues to be the same, then 64.7% of the female would need to shift occupation in order to equalize the proportions of the male. Therefore, we can say that there exists serious occupational segregation in the current Chinese urban employment population. Next, using CES and C - D production function model and assuming the value of constant elasticity of substitution to be 6, if occupational segregation is eliminated, female wages would increase by more than 20%. The male would suffer certain income loss, but the drop would be trivial, less than 8%. On the other hand, the number of employed female would decrease dramatically because of the wages increase. Despite some shortcomings, national incomes would increase by 2.48%, with more efficient allocation of male and female employment population. The gains in national incomes would still be sufficient to prevent any substantial decline in male earnings while at the same time allow females a greater choice in their occupation and a higher earnings potential. Given the fact that at present our country still has no special laws aiming at eliminating labor market discrimination, it is very difficult to prevent gender discrimination under the current labor law. occupational segregation will exist over a long time and we must pay significant attention to the situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
