| Abstrakt: |
The article discusses the history of surgery. It is divided into three parts: the history of the surgical profession, surgical pathology, and surgical technique. For most practitioners, surgery must largely have entailed wound treatment, bandaging. Fundamental changes in the surgical, organization took place in the eighteenth century, most notably the severing of links with trade guilds and the commencement of academic teaching and regulation of practitioners. Such changes gave way to the successful and scientific surgery of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, often attributed to the replacement of empiricism with rationally based medical practice. |
