| Abstrakt: |
This article provides a comprehensive overview of heartwood in trees, including its biology, formation, identification, and importance. Heartwood is defined as the inner layers of wood that no longer contain living cells and have undergone a metabolic shift. It is not always highly decay resistant and can vary among and within tree species. The article also introduces other wood types within living trees, such as ripewood, inner sapwood, wound-initiated discoloration, and decayed wood. The formation of heartwood involves the conversion of sapwood and the deposition of chemical extractives. It is important in arboriculture for its decay resistance, color, and durability. The article also discusses the impact of heartwood on tree management, including pruning and tree care operations. The document includes a list of references and resources for further research on heartwood in trees, including books, articles, and studies. There is also a quiz available for arborists seeking continuing education units (CEUs). [Extracted from the article] |
