Effect of Paxlovid in COVID-19 treatment during the periods of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5 and BN.1 subvariant dominance in the Republic of Korea: a retrospective cohort study.
| Autor: | Dong-Hwi Kim, Min-Gyu Yoo, Na-Young Kim, So Young Choi, Minjeong Jang, Misuk An, Se-Jin Jeong, Jungyeon Kim |
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| Předmět: |
SARS disease
MORTALITY COMBINATION drug therapy CRITICALLY ill PATIENTS DEATH MULTIPLE regression analysis RETROSPECTIVE studies TREATMENT effectiveness DESCRIPTIVE statistics SEVERITY of illness index CHI-squared test MULTIVARIATE analysis ANTIVIRAL agents LONGITUDINAL method ODDS ratio DRUG efficacy MEDICAL records ACQUISITION of data RITONAVIR COMPARATIVE studies CONFIDENCE intervals DATA analysis software COVID-19 VACCINATION status EVALUATION |
| Zdroj: | Osong Public Health & Research Perspectives; Apr2024, Vol. 15 Issue 2, p137-149, 13p |
| Abstrakt: | Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the efficacy of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), particularly those aged 60 years and older. Using real-world data, the period during which the BN.1 Omicron variant was dominant was compared to the period dominated by the BA.5 variant. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, data were collected regarding 2,665,281 patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 between July 24, 2022, and March 31, 2023. Propensity score matching was utilized to match patients who received nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in a 1:4 ratio between BN.1 and BA.5 variant groups. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to assess the effects of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir within these groups. Results: Compared to the prior period, the efficacy of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir did not significantly differ during the interval of Omicron BN.1 variant dominance in the Republic of Korea. Among patients treated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, a significantly lower risk of mortality was observed in the BN.1 group (odds ratio [OR], 0.698; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.557-0.875) compared to the BA.5 group. However, this treatment did not significantly reduce the risk of severe or critical illness, including death, for those in the BN.1 group (OR, 0.856; 95% CI, 0.728-1.007). Conclusion: Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir has maintained its effectiveness against COVID-19, even with the emergence of the BN.1 Omicron subvariant. Consequently, we strongly recommend the administration of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir to patients exhibiting COVID-19-related symptoms, irrespective of the dominant Omicron variant or their vaccination status, to mitigate disease severity and decrease the risk of mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Databáze: | Supplemental Index |
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