| Abstrakt: |
This article focuses on the discussion of classical topics of political sociology in Emile Durkheim's writings. Institutional analyses of government, parliament, parties, elections, legislation and bureaucracy, all these topics are absent from Durkheim's writings. The subject was given no place in his classification of sociology. But the questions Durkheim asks about the interrelation between social structure, politics and culture provide the beginnings of a political analysis. He seeks to establish a social configuration capable of securing the social structure of dynamic industrial capitalism within social and political organizations. And he seeks to achieve this in such a way that the modern ideal of justice, moral individualism, becomes a reality. Durkheim avoided these topics out of a deep aversion for the intrigueridden everyday political life of the Third Republic and his conviction that scientific sociology was not the province of the ideologue. But his awareness of the crises around him compelled him to develop a political standpoint which linked social structure, politics and culture together. This political standpoint was not an expression of the conservative longing for collective order. Rather it was a reformist attempt to link the dynamic of the sociostructural development of the division of labor to the advance of an individualistic morality, through an institutional framework capable of resolving the problem of social order and individual freedom. |
