| Abstrakt: |
The development of exercise model and physical activities for the children's gross motor skills is expected to have short-term and long-term physiological effects, e.g., on their growth hormone, muscle mass growth and development, physical health, and physical fitness. The development of these models and activities was expected to enhance student participation to improve their fitness, health, and motor skills development. The research was performed in three stages. In the first stage, a needs analysis was performed on exercise models and physical activity. Then, the gross motor skills exercise model and physical activities were developed in the second stage and tested in the third stage. The small scale and large scale tests involved 15 and 45 respondents, respectively, from Batu City, Malang Regency, and Malang City, and the scores of 90.62% and 93.75% were obtained, respectively. Therefore, the developed models were proven to improve children's gross motor skills and enhance their physical fitness. The gross motor skills exercise model and physical activity were developed to improve elementary school students' physical fitness. These products were confirmed to be accepted by most physical education teachers during the testing process. These gross motor skills, exercise models, and physical activities are important because physical activities are essential for physical fitness and increase children's maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), body composition, muscle power and durability, and flexibility. Various physical activities should be performed regularly to improve physical fitness. Additionally, education should be provided to the teachers and society to avoid failures in the implementation of gross motor skill exercise models and physical activities for elementary school students. In addition, we provided numerous suggestions related to our findings. The gross motor skills exercise models and physical activities, which were developed to enhance students' physical fitness, went through a series of stages, from expert testing to group testing. The obtained results show that the developed products can be used for elementary school students. In addition, the developed product can be used as a reference by the physical education teachers for the physical education courses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
