| Autor: |
Kohn, Melvin L., Khmelko, Valeriy, Paniotto, Vladimir, Ho-fung Hung |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Conference Papers - American Sociological Association; 2003 Annual Meeting, Atlanta, GA, p1-22, 22p |
| Abstrakt: |
This paper investigates the psychological dynamics underlying the relationships of social structure and personality under the extreme conditions of radical social change attendant on the early stages of the transformation of the countries of Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union from socialism to nascent capitalism. It does so by analyzing longitudinal data based on a representative sample of Ukrainian men and women who in 1992-93 were either employed 15 hours or more per week or were seeking paid employment. These people were re-interviewed in 1996, no matter what their employment status at that time. We found that the over-time correlations--the stabilities--of two principal underlying dimensions of personality--self-directedness of orientation and a sense of well-being or distress--were startlingly low, by comparison not only to the United States at an earlier time of much greater social stability, but also to Poland at the same time as the Ukrainian study, albeit at a later stage of transition. The instability of orientation we found for Ukraine was not because the relationships of class and stratification with orientation had changed during the period of our research, or were much different from those in either socialist or advanced capitalist societies, nor even because of changes in employed people's class positions or stratification levels during this tumultuous time. In fact, with the notable exception of movement into and out of the ranks of the employed, change in social-structural position had only modest effect on change in orientation. For those who were employed at the times of both interviews, the main effect of mobility was that a relative decline in income and in perceived economic well-being were modestly associated with an increase in distress. The inference we draw from our inability to link their instability of orientation to employed people's positions in the larger social structure or to changes in their positions during this early... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Databáze: |
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