Relationship between CD4+ count, serum inflammatory cytokines, and oral melanotic hyperpigmentation in newly diagnosed HIV-seropositive patients: a nested case-control study.

Autor: Abe, Elizabeth Oluwatoyin, Adisa, Akinyele Olumuyiwa, Adeyemi, Bukola Folasade, Awolude, Olutosin Alaba, Owotade, Foluso John
Zdroj: Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology & Oral Radiology; Feb2022, Vol. 133 Issue 2, p182-188, 7p
Abstrakt: Objective: Oral melanotic hyperpigmentation (OMH) in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has been attributed to the use of antifungal or antiretroviral drugs, as well as HIV-induced cytokine dysregulation. This research aimed to determine the relationship between immunosuppression and cytokine dysregulation in newly diagnosed HIV-seropositive subjects with OMH.Study Design: The study was conducted among newly diagnosed HIV-seropositive patients at the Infectious Disease Clinic, Ibadan, Nigeria. The cases were patients with OMH matched for age and sex with control subjects without OMH. CD4+ count and cytokine levels (interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α) were compared between the cases and control subjects. SPSS version 21 software was used for data analysis.Results: Seventy newly diagnosed HIV-seropositive patients were studied, which comprised of 35 cases and 35 control subjects. The median CD4+ counts for cases and control subjects were 174 cells/mm3 (interquartile range [IQR], 57-250) and 324 cells/mm3 (IQR, 107-424), respectively. Severe immunosuppression (CD4+ count, ≤200 cells/mm3) was found in over half of the study participants, being more prevalent among the cases than among the control group (P = .019). Serum cytokine levels did not significantly vary between the cases and control subjects.Conclusions: There was a significant association between HIV-OMH and severe immunosuppression in the newly diagnosed HIV-seropositive patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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