| Abstrakt: |
To explore the characteristics and differences in yield, photosynthetic matter production, quality and economic benefits of rice under different modes of comprehensive planting-breeding in paddy fields, six modes including rice crayfish (RC), rice turtle (RT), rice loach (RL), rice catfish (RF), rice koi (RK), and rice duck (RD) were arranged using Nanjing 9108 (a high-quality rice variety) as the experimental material in 2018 and 2019. Comparing these modes with rice cultivation under rice-wheat rotation (CK), the effects of different modes of comprehensive planting-breeding in paddy fields on quality, yield and yield component of rice, characteristics of photosynthetic matter production, and economic benefits were systematically investigated in this study. The results showed that, compared with CK, the rice yield of different modes of comprehensive planting-breeding in paddy fields was significantly decreased by 3.66%-7.54%, and the RD mode reduced the least, and the RK mode reduced the most. Compared with CK, the reduction of rice yield in different modes of comprehensive planting-breeding in paddy fields was mainly due to lower dry matter accumulation at maturity stage, which was resulted from the smaller leaf area index, lower photosynthetic potential, crop growth rate, and net assimilation rate in main growth stages; and due to less total number of spikelets, which was caused by significant decreasing in panicle number per hectare and number of spikelets per panicle. Compared with CK, the different modes of comprehensive planting-breeding in paddy fields significantly reduced the head milled rice rate by 2.40%-4.37%, decreased the chalkiness by 8.14%-11.14%, increased the amylose content by 9.35%-13.80%, reduced the protein content by 6.29%-10.01%, and raised the taste value by 3.91%-11.69%. Compared with CK, the peak viscosity, hot viscosity, final viscosity, and breakdown of RVA parameters of rice starch were increased by 2.75%-12.65%, 3.24%-19.63%, 2.47%-14.79%, and 1.67%-5.78%, respectively, while the setback was decreased by 2.54%-15.15%. The economic benefits of different modes of comprehensive planting-breeding in paddy fields were 80.93%-511.52% higher than CK, which was mainly due to the increase in the income of aquatic (poultry) breeding products and the increase in the price of rice quality. In conclusion, comprehensive planting-breeding in paddy fields was an alternative rice planting mode, that could guarantee a stable rice yield, improve rice quality, and increase the comprehensive benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
