| Abstrakt: |
The first purpose of this study on Gothic architecture in the fourteenth century in Portugal has been the enlightenment and valorization of a theme we consider of the utmost importance and which the analyses available until the moment have often kept in the background: the fact that the fourteenth century presents a diversity of architectonic typologies, which raises the question of this century asserting itself as a period of experimentation in the Portuguese medieval architecture. Such possibility has defined the starting point of an investigation focused on trying to identify, understand and differentiate those distinct typologies in order to comprehend if they are heirs to an architecture deriving from previous centuries or if they establish themselves as innovatory models never tested before. In other words, an attempt to perceive whether or not we are facing a time of experimentalisms. Simultaneously, aiming to ascertain the real weight of such experimentalisms, we have tried to define if, beyond their existence, there is any standart typology in the Portuguese fourteenth century, a typology which might be considered dominant, prevailing over the others. Along with this intent, a third one has arisen - the attempt to understand the importance of the various religious orders in the development of the Portuguese gothic, as well as the way their architecture interwines. We have therefore sought to understand if a certain structural typology can be associated to each order, and in such case if that "typology of the order" is strict and exclusive, if any religious order (or orders) can be considered responsible for any kind of architectonic experimentalism, "creating" its own architecture ex nihilo, and also to which extent that architecture goes beyond itself and has, or has not bore an influence in constructions not belonging to any order, as the parochial churches. To pursue these objectives we have selected a diversified architectural corpus to allow a comprehensive view of the thirteenth and fourteenth century religious architecture, embracing distinct configurations, such as monastic and parochial architecture in its diverse typologies, or the cloisters, privileged spaces of experimentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
