| Abstrakt: |
Based on archival documents and specialized scholarly works, the author analyzes key characteristics in class approach to student training in higher technical school in UkrSSR during 1920’s —1930’s. The Kyiv Polytechnic Institute and the outcome of this process in this institution are taken as a case study. The author concluded that in 1920’s —1930’s the system of higher education of USSR and particularly UkrSSR stood in the centre of active social transformation. Soviet regime did everything possible to turn students and teaching staff into ardent supporters of new society and of Soviet life-style, prophets of communist ideology among general public. Following their main aim, e.g. absolute control over the society, the bolshevists broke down historical traditions in high-er education, radically reorganized its structure, eliminated the universities until their reestablishment in 1933, forced the «proletarianization» of students and teaching staff. All this caused conflicts between different «life-styles» in higher educational institutuons, particularly within technical training specialists. The means of the «proletarianization» were such as network expansion of working faculties and their students, introducing orientation courses for children of workers and peasants, sending communist party members on duty to study in higher educational institutuons, regular «purges» of students, class principle of admission into higher educational institutuons and selective distribution of material aid to students etc. Massive reorganizations in the system of higher education was aimed to fit it into industrial needs as much as possible. This process was not very well elaborated and politically grounded. As the result, the educational process was complicated and the quality of technical training dropped. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
