Vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of retinopathy in Chinese patients with Type 2 diabetes.

Autor:	He, R., Shen, J., Liu, F., Zeng, H., Li, L., Yu, H., Lu, H., Lu, F., Wu, Q., Jia, W.
Předmět:	SMOKING MEDICAL screening RETINAL anatomy ANALYSIS of variance BLOOD testing CONFIDENCE intervals CREATININE GLYCOSYLATED hemoglobin DIABETIC retinopathy LOW density lipoproteins TYPE 2 diabetes OPHTHALMOLOGY STATISTICS TRIGLYCERIDES VITAMIN D DATA analysis VITAMIN D deficiency BODY mass index HUMAN research subjects PATIENT selection WAIST-hip ratio DISEASE duration DATA analysis software BLOOD urea nitrogen ODDS ratio DISEASE complications DIAGNOSIS DISEASE risk factors
Zdroj:	Diabetic Medicine; Dec2014, Vol. 31 Issue 12, p1657-1664, 8p, 3 Charts, 3 Graphs
Abstrakt:	Aims To investigate the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and diabetic retinopathy. Methods In total, 1520 patients with Type 2 diabetes were recruited and divided into three groups according to their fundus oculi results: no diabetic retinopathy ( n = 625, 41.12%); non-sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy ( n = 562, 36.97%); and sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy ( n = 333, 21.91%). Vitamin D deficiency was defined as a serum circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D level < 20 ng/ml. Clinical characteristics and biochemical parameters were detected and compared. Results The patients with sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy had significantly lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and higher prevalence of vitamin D deficiency than other two groups (all P < 0.05). In addition, there was a downward trend in average 25-hydroxyvitamin D level with the increased stages of diabetic retinopathy ( P < 0.01). The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy in patients with vitamin D deficiency was also higher than in those without vitamin D deficiency (both P < 0.01). After adjusting for all potential confounders, vitamin D deficiency was still associated with increased risk of diabetic retinopathy (odds ratio 1.93) and sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (odds ratio 2.42) (both P < 0.01). Logistical regression analysis further revealed that vitamin D deficiency was an independent risk factor for diabetic retinopathy (β = 0.66) and sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (β = 0.93) (both P < 0.01). ROC analysis indicated that a serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level < 15.57 ng/ml suggested the occurrence of sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (odds ratio 2.38, P < 0.01). Conclusions Vitamin D deficiency is an independent risk factor for diabetic retinopathy and sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy. The prevalence of sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy doubles when the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level is < 15.57 ng/ml. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Databáze:	Complementary Index
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