| Abstrakt: |
This paper aims to present the cartographic activities developed at the end of the nineteenth century and beginning of the twentieth century. In addition to the historical chronology, it will present the technical operations and actions during the first and second decades of the twentieth century. In 1889, the need for detailed mapping of Brazil at appropriate scales was confirmed by the Army Staff. In 1896, the study for the General Map of the Republic project demonstrated the specifications and considerations of the cartographic, topographic and geodetic operations to be developed, its work being initiated in 1904. In 1910, contact with Professor Carl Pulfrich, the development of accurate cartographic procedures and others procedures created a new perspective on the mapping projects. After World War I, in 1920, the Austrian Military Cartographic Mission reached Brazil, with the aims of studying the cartographic projection system suitable for mapping the national territory, the surveying for the Federal District Topographic Map and the Topographic Map of Brazil, at 1:1,000,000 scale, celebrating the 100th Anniversary of the Independence of Brazil. From 1922, there were successive internal convulsions in the country. Problems of continuity in mapping grew larger until 1930. In 1932, the Military Geographical Service was renamed the Army Geographical Service and the General Map Commission was abolished. This date marked the beginning for mapmaking and the accurate knowledge of the vast territory of Brazil, with the systematization of mapmaking at several scales, as well as the complete creation of an accurate geodetic network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
