Effects of smoking on D2/D3 striatal receptor availability in alcoholics and social drinkers.

Autor: Albrecht, Daniel S., Kareken, David A., Yoder, Karmen K.
Zdroj: Brain Imaging & Behavior; Sep2013, Vol. 7 Issue 3, p326-334, 9p
Abstrakt: Studies have reported lower striatal D 2/D 3 receptor availability in both alcoholics and cigarette smokers relative to healthy controls. These substances are commonly co-abused, yet the relationship between comorbid alcohol/tobacco abuse and striatal D 2/D 3 receptor availability has not been examined. We sought to determine the degree to which dual abuse of alcohol and tobacco is associated with lower D 2/D 3 receptor availability. Eighty-one subjects (34 nontreatment-seeking alcoholic smokers [NTS-S], 21 social-drinking smokers [SD-S], and 26 social-drinking non-smokers [SD-NS]) received baseline [ 11C]raclopride scans. D 2/D 3 binding potential (BP ND ≡ B avail/K D) was estimated for ten anatomically defined striatal regions of interest (ROIs). Significant group effects were detected in bilateral pre-commissural dorsal putamen, bilateral pre-commissural dorsal caudate; and bilateral post-commissural dorsal putamen. Post-hoc testing revealed that, regardless of drinking status, smokers had lower D 2/D 3 receptor availability than non-smoking controls. Chronic tobacco smokers have lower striatal D 2/D 3 receptor availability than non-smokers, independent of alcohol use. Additional studies are needed to identify the mechanisms by which chronic tobacco smoking is associated with striatal dopamine receptor availability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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