| Autor: |
Tabah, Alexis, Koulenti, Despoina, Laupland, Kevin, Misset, Benoit, Valles, Jordi, Bruzzi de Carvalho, Frederico, Paiva, José, Çakar, Nahit, Ma, Xiaochun, Eggimann, Philippe, Antonelli, Massimo, Bonten, Marc, Csomos, Akos, Krueger, Wolfgang, Mikstacki, Adam, Lipman, Jeffrey, Depuydt, Pieter, Vesin, Aurélien, Garrouste-Orgeas, Maité, Zahar, Jean-Ralph |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Intensive Care Medicine; Dec2012, Vol. 38 Issue 12, p1930-1945, 16p, 5 Charts, 2 Graphs, 1 Map |
| Abstrakt: |
Purpose: The recent increase in drug-resistant micro-organisms complicates the management of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections (HA-BSIs). We investigated the epidemiology of HA-BSI and evaluated the impact of drug resistance on outcomes of critically ill patients, controlling for patient characteristics and infection management. Methods: A prospective, multicentre non-representative cohort study was conducted in 162 intensive care units (ICUs) in 24 countries. Results: We included 1,156 patients [mean ± standard deviation (SD) age, 59.5 ± 17.7 years; 65 % males; mean ± SD Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II score, 50 ± 17] with HA-BSIs, of which 76 % were ICU-acquired. Median time to diagnosis was 14 [interquartile range (IQR), 7-26] days after hospital admission. Polymicrobial infections accounted for 12 % of cases. Among monomicrobial infections, 58.3 % were gram-negative, 32.8 % gram-positive, 7.8 % fungal and 1.2 % due to strict anaerobes. Overall, 629 (47.8 %) isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR), including 270 (20.5 %) extensively resistant (XDR), and 5 (0.4 %) pan-drug-resistant (PDR). Micro-organism distribution and MDR occurrence varied significantly ( p < 0.001) by country. The 28-day all-cause fatality rate was 36 %. In the multivariable model including micro-organism, patient and centre variables, independent predictors of 28-day mortality included MDR isolate [odds ratio (OR), 1.49; 95 % confidence interval (95 %CI), 1.07-2.06], uncontrolled infection source (OR, 5.86; 95 %CI, 2.5-13.9) and timing to adequate treatment (before day 6 since blood culture collection versus never, OR, 0.38; 95 %CI, 0.23-0.63; since day 6 versus never, OR, 0.20; 95 %CI, 0.08-0.47). Conclusions: MDR and XDR bacteria (especially gram-negative) are common in HA-BSIs in critically ill patients and are associated with increased 28-day mortality. Intensified efforts to prevent HA-BSIs and to optimize their management through adequate source control and antibiotic therapy are needed to improve outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Databáze: |
Complementary Index |
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Full text from SpringerLink