Risk factors associated with a nosocomial hepatitis B outbreak in a long-term care facility in Toronto, Canada.
| Autor: | Sachdeva, Herveen, Green, Corey I., Arthur, Anne, Andonov, Anton P. |
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| Předmět: |
HEPATITIS B transmission
PREVENTION of infectious disease transmission DNA analysis PREVENTION of communicable diseases CONFIDENCE intervals CROSS infection CLINICAL pathology DISEASE outbreaks EPIDEMIOLOGY HEPATITIS B LONG-term health care PUBLIC health surveillance STATISTICS LOGISTIC regression analysis DATA analysis DISEASE prevalence CASE-control method DATA analysis software DESCRIPTIVE statistics SEQUENCE analysis |
| Zdroj: | Canadian Journal of Infection Control / Revue Canadienne de Prévention des Infections; Spring2012, Vol. 27 Issue 1, p9-14, 6p, 2 Charts, 1 Graph |
| Abstrakt: | Background The hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a bloodborne infectious agent. In Canada in 2007, there were 1077 reported cases of acute hepatitis B infection. In late 2006, five residents living in the same unit of a long-term care home (LTCH) in Toronto, Canada became infected with HBV. This report describes the outbreak investigation and epidemiological analyses of this outbreak of acute HBV infection. Methods All residents in the LTCH were serologically screened for hepatitis B markers. The infection control practices of the LTCH and of high-risk services provided to residents were reviewed. The risk factors for HBV transmission were investigated among residents and a casecontrol analysis was conducted to identify associations with acute HBV infection. Results In total, five cases of acute HBV infection were identified in the same unit of the LTCH. The attack rate was 20.8% and the case-fatality rate was 60%. All five cases had diabetes mellitus, and HBV transmission was significantly associated with blood glucose monitoring (P=0.0010). Conclusions Results of this outbreak investigation and analysis demonstrated that hepatitis B transmission was associated with shared blood glucose monitoring equipment. To prevent hepatitis B transmission, it was recommended that a glucometer and finger-stick device be assigned to each diabetic resident requiring blood glucose monitoring in addition to following routine infection control practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Databáze: | Complementary Index |
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