| Autor: |
Hoekstra, Elly, Westerhof, Roel J. M., Brilman, Wim, Van Swaaij, Wim P.M., Kersten, Sascha R. A., Hogendoorn, Kees J. A., Windt, Michael |
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| Zdroj: |
AIChE Journal; Sep2012, Vol. 58 Issue 9, p2830-2842, 13p |
| Abstrakt: |
To maximize oil yields in the fast pyrolysis of biomass it is generally accepted that vapors need to be rapidly quenched. The influence of the heterogeneous and homogeneous vapor-phase reactions on yields and oil composition were studied using a fluidized-bed reactor. Even high concentrations of mineral low char (till 55 vol %) appeared not to be catalytically active. However, the presence of minerals, either in biomass or added, does influence the yields, especially by the occurrence of vapor-phase charring/polymerization reactions. Contradictory, in the absence of minerals, homogeneous vapor-phase cracking reactions were dominant over polymerization/charring reactions (400-550°C, 1-15 s). With increasing vapor residence time, the oil yield reached an asymptotic value, which decreased with temperature. At a vapor temperature of 400°C no decrease in oil yield was observed, but dedicated analysis showed that homogeneous vapor to vapor reactions had occurred. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2012 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Databáze: |
Complementary Index |
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