| Autor: |
Nichols, Owen C., Lind, Henry, Baldwin, John, Jackett, Anthony R., Borrelli, Mark, Small Jr., Parker A. |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Journal of Ocean Technology; Jun2011, Vol. 6 Issue 3, p59-70, 12p |
| Abstrakt: |
Aquaculture has developed into a global industry, providing an increasing portion of the world's food supply. However, aquaculture can cause environmentally and socially adverse impacts if ecosystem carrying capacity is exceeded or resource-use conflicts occur between multiple stakeholders. The definition of sustainable aquaculture has evolved into an ecosystem approach that addresses spatial and temporal dimensions of environmental, economic, and social parameters. The development of sustainable marine shellfish aquaculture in the U.S.A. is largely limited by the regulatory, siting and public policy issues that surround the use of coastal waters. This project provided technical support to two Northeast U.S.A. towns (Provincetown and Truro, Massachusetts) in order to identify areas suitable for community aquaculture development areas (ADAs) large enough to contain grow-out sites for use by multiple individual farmers. Mapping efforts incorporated publicly available habitat type data and management boundaries, as well as local traditional knowledge of human use and shellfish habitat, in an iterative Geographic Information System (GIS)-based approach. Combined with sustainable aquaculture site selection criteria, the above data were used to identify a suitable site for a 0.2 km² (50-acre) subtidal ADA in town waters. Acoustic backscatter data collected with an interferometric sonar system were used to classify habitat within the proposed ADA site, and underwater surveys were conducted at 25 stations to qualitatively assess habitat type and document presence of shellfish and benthic fauna. Qualitative characterization of bottom habitat type using sonar data and dive surveys indicated no submerged aquatic vegetation and a smooth, sandy bottom. The only shellfish encountered during underwater surveys was the surf clam (Spisula solidissima); abundance at all stations was ≤ 1 organism/m². The unique combination of traditional knowledge, publicly available data, and advanced technology proved to be highly useful for practical, cost-effective site selection for sustainable shellfish aquaculture development areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Databáze: |
Complementary Index |
| Externí odkaz: |
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