| Autor: |
Rapport, Lisa J., Van Voorhis, Amy, Tzelepis, Angela, Friedman, Sara R. |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Clinical Neuropsychologist; Dec2001, Vol. 15 Issue 4, p479, 13p, 3 Charts |
| Abstrakt: |
The present study examined the executive abilities of 35 adults diagnosedwith Attention-Deficit Hyperactivily Disorder (ADHD) and 32 adults withoutthe disorder ( n = 67) who were equivalent in age, gender, years ofeducation, and Full Scale IQ. The ADHD group performed significantly worseon Stroop Color-Word (η[sup 2] = .18) and Interference (η[sup 2] = .08), as well as time to complete Trails B (η[sup 2] =.08) than the controls (all p s < . 05). Analysis of Design Fluencyindicated that the ADHD group committed more perseverative (η[sup 2] = .06) and non-perseverative (η[sup 2] = .12) errors than did controls;however, novel output was equivalent for the groups. No group differenceswere observed on tests measuring cognitive initiation, abstract thinking,or working memory (all p s > .30; η[sup 2] = .00–.01).The distributions of WCST variables showed severe skew associated with high-functioningperformance on the test among both groups. The pattern of results suggeststhe presence of specific deficits in response inhibition, with intact abilitiesin other cognitive domains, such as primary verbal and visuospatial skills.These findings are consistent with the literature on neuropsychological deficitsamong children with ADHD. That persons with ADHD present a primary deficitof behavioral inhibition supports Barkley's (1997) theory of ADHD, asopposed to theories by Denckla (1996) and Roberts and Pennington (1996) thatemphasize intention and working memory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Databáze: |
Complementary Index |
| Externí odkaz: |
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