Dose response association of pregnancy cigarette smoke exposure, childhood stature, overweight and obesity.

Autor:	Koshy, Gibby, Delpisheh, Ali, Brabin, Bernard J.
Předmět:	ANALYSIS of variance BIRTH weight CHI-squared test CHILDREN CONFIDENCE intervals STATISTICAL correlation DOSE-response relationship in biochemistry EPIDEMIOLOGY FAMILIES FATHERHOOD CHILDHOOD obesity PARENTING PRENATAL influences RESEARCH funding SCHOOL children SEX distribution SMOKING STATURE LOGISTIC regression analysis DATA analysis SOCIOECONOMIC factors BODY mass index RELATIVE medical risk DISEASE prevalence CROSS-sectional method
Zdroj:	European Journal of Public Health; Jun2011, Vol. 21 Issue 3, p286-291, 6p
Abstrakt:	Background: The combined dose response effects of pregnancy cigarette smoke exposure on childhood overweight, obesity and short stature have not been reported. Method: A community based cross-sectional survey of 3038 children aged 5–11 years from 15 primary schools in Merseyside, UK. Self-completed parental questionnaires were used for family characteristics, socio-economic status and parental smoking practices. Children were measured for height and weight and z-scores calculated for parental smoking categories. Results: Of 689 (34.0%) mothers who smoked during pregnancy 50.5% smoked ten or more cigarettes daily (heavy smokers). Children of maternal non-smokers had prevalence estimates for overweight, obesity and short stature of 25, 9.6 and 3.2%, respectively. Prevalence estimates were higher in children of mothers who were heavy smokers during pregnancy, 31.5% (P = 0.001), 15.6% (P < 0.001) and 5.5% (P = 0.001), respectively. Mean height for age z-scores was lower among heavy maternal (P < 0.001) and paternal smokers (P < 0.01) compared to non-smokers. Childhood overweight, obesity or short stature were all associated with heavy maternal smoking during pregnancy (all P < 0.001). Mean body mass index (BMI) z-scores were higher in boys of mothers who smoked (P = 0.043). The adjusted odds ratio for short stature in children of heavy maternal smokers was 2.76 (95% CI 1.21–6.33) and 4.28 (1.37–13.37) if both parents were heavy smokers. The adjusted OR for obesity in children of maternal smokers was 1.61(1.19–2.18). The population attributable risk for short stature was 8.8% (1.1–22.7) for heavy maternal smokers. Conclusion: A dose-response association was observed between pregnancy smoking exposure, short stature and obesity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Databáze:	Complementary Index
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